Du, Y.T. Therefore, ginger tea has some of the following effects: Weight loss: helps to enhance fat breakdown, reduce fat absorption and avoid cravings. NF-kappaB activation in human prostate cancer: important mediator or epiphenomenon? DU145 or LNCaP cells (1 x105) were plated on coverslips, exposed to vehicle or 6-SHO for 2 hours, stimulated with either 10 ng/mL interleukin (IL)-6 or TNF-α for 30 minutes, fixed with ice-cold methanol for 10 minutes at −20°C, and permeabilized with 0.05% Triton X-100 for 5 minutes. 6-SHO also inhibits survival and induces apoptosis in cultured mouse prostate cancer cells derived from HiMyc mice. As shown in Fig. ; Schulzke, J.D. D, HMVP2 cells were treated with vehicle or 40 μmol/L 6-SHO followed by TNF-α treatment for 30 minutes and Western blot analysis was performed for pNF-κBp65, NF-κBp65, and β-actin (top); HMVP2 cells were treated with 20 and 40 μmol/L 6-SHO for 2 hours followed by TNF-α for 30 minutes and Western blot analysis was performed for pNF-κBp65, NF-κBp65, pIκBα, and β-actin (bottom). Copyright © 2021 by the American Association for Cancer Research. Authentic [6]-shogaol and [6]-gingerol could killAnisakis larvae at a minimal effective dose of 62.5 and 250 μg/ml, respectively. On the basis of this precedent and the cell culture data showing that 6-SHO was the most effective of the three ginger-derived compounds that were considered in the present study, its effects on tumor growth in an in vivo model system were evaluated (HMVP2 cells grown in syngeneic FVB/N mice). Found insideThis book is intuitively organized by plant and use, allowing quick access to information. It puts the uniquely Indian use and history of turmeric and ginger plants into a global context of production and economic aspects. 6-Shogaol is a dehydrated 6-gingerol molecule that has lost a molecule of water during the drying or cooking process. Recently, there has been a growing interest in ginger and its components for their potential chemopreventive effects (12). The effect of ginger powder supplementation on insulin resistance and glycemic indices in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. several techniques or approaches, or a comprehensive review paper with concise and precise updates on the latest As shown in Fig. Gingerol analogues are thermally labile and easily undergo dehydration reactions to form the corresponding shogaols, which impart the characteristic pungent taste to dried ginger. 1) in . prior to publication. Genetic deletion of cathepsin K has been shown to prevent inflammation and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis [. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Because ginger contains several biologically active components, we compared the effects of 6-SHO with those of 6-GIN and 6-PAR in both human and mouse prostate cancer cell lines. The ginger contains compounds gingerol and shogaol may help fight off a cold because they can lower a fever, reduce pain, and suppress a cough. A, LNCaP and DU145 cells were treated with vehicle, 20 or 40 μmol/L 6-SHO and the level of survivin was measured by Western blot analysis. 6C and D) nor did gross observations at necropsy reveal tissue abnormalities. C, HMVP2 cells were treated with 40 μmol/L 6-SHO for 30 and 60 minutes and Western blot analysis was performed for pSTAT3Tyr705, STAT3, and β-actin (top two); HMVP2 cells were treated with 20 and 40 μmol/L 6-SHO for 2 hours followed by IL-6 for 30 minutes and Western blot analysis was performed for pSTAT3Tyr705, STAT3, and β-actin (bottom two). Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Ginger Benefits Treatment of the Common Cold Reverse transcription was performed as previously described (21). Found insideThe book examines the available phytochemicals and plants that are potentially effective, also determining the role and molecular targets of these phytochemicals in combating AD. This comprehensive resource will be helpful to researchers ... 6-shogaol is more effective than 6-gingerol and curcumin in inhibiting 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced tumor promotion in mice. Found inside – Page iiThis volume examines in detail the role of chronic inflammatory processes in the development of several types of cancer. This book covers all aspects of ginger, including botany, crop improvement, chemistry Thanks to compounds like gingerol, shogaol, zingerone, and gingerin, ginger has been shown to have many benefits including reducing side effects during perimenopause, reducing soreness post-exercise . Gingerol and Shogaol Frequencies 1. Ha, S.K. As shown in Fig. The active compounds 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol exhibit anticancer properties against the gastrointestinal tract and can treat a number of infections. As mentioned above, in an in vivo AKI model and in vitro in HK-2 cells 6-shogaol increased the protein levels of HO-1 [, 6-Shogaol exhibits a stronger antioxidative activity than its homologues. Wu, H.; Hsieh, M.C. The results are significant (P < 0.05) where a decrease in phosphorylation or protein level is ≥40%. So dried ginger if offering benefits from both gingerol and shogaol. During the early stages of the disease, prostate cancer cells are dependent on androgen for their growth and can be successfully treated with androgen ablation therapy. NF-κB is constitutively active in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells such as PC-3 cells (39–41). Zhu, Y.; Wang, P.; Zhao, Y.; Yang, C.; Clark, A.; Leung, T.; Chen, X.; Sang, S. Synthesis, evaluation, and metabolism of novel [6]-shogaol derivatives as potent nrf2 activators. [8]-gingerol and [8]-shogaol were also found to be effective antiplatelet aggregation agents (Nurtjahja-Tjendraputra et al. Once IKKs are activated and phosphorylated, they in turn cause phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of IκBα, thus leaving the free active form of NF-κB for nuclear localization (26, 39–42). Malignant tumours were successfully treated by gingerols in animal models. Effect of 6-SHO on STAT3 and NF-κB targets in human prostate cancer cells. Effects of IKK inhibitor PS1145 on NF-kappaB function, proliferation, apoptosis and invasion activity in prostate carcinoma cells, Constitutive activation of IkappaB kinase alpha and NF-kappaB in prostate cancer cells is inhibited by ibuprofen, [6]-Shogaol inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by directly regulating Akt1/2, [6]-Gingerol suppresses colon cancer growth by targeting leukotriene A4 hydrolase, [6]-Gingerol inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of p38 MAP kinase and NF-kappaB in phorbol ester-stimulated mouse skin, Induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells by pungent vanilloids, [6]-gingerol and [6]-paradol, Induction of apoptosis and caspase-3 activation by chemopreventive [6]-paradol and structurally related compounds in KB cells, Chemopreventive and antioxidant efficacy of (6)-paradol in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis, A Cohort study for breast density and breast cancer risk, PDAC Surveillance with EUS in BRCA1/BRCA2/PALB2/ATM Carriers, Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 6-Shogaol from Dried Ginger Inhibits Growth of Prostate Cancer Cells Both In Vitro and In Vivo through Inhibition of STAT3 and NF-κB Signaling, Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Found insideMedicinal Spices and Vegetables from Africa: Therapeutic Potential against Metabolic, Inflammatory, Infectious and Systemic Diseases provides a detailed look at medicinal spices and vegetables that have proven safe-and-effective for ... The activation of both STAT3 and NF-κB signaling leads to alterations in the expression of multiple target genes involved in proliferation, survival, and apoptosis, such as cyclin D1, survivin, cMyc, and Bcl2 (22, 24, 40). ; Menze, E.T. Acids. ; Lai, C.S. The effect of 6-SHO on cell survival was evaluated using both androgen-dependent (LNCaP) and androgen-independent (DU145, PC-3) human prostate cancer cells. Spheroids were harvested, mixed with Matrigel (1:1), and injected subcutaneously into the mouse flank. Some studies suggest that ginger has a positive effect on memory and can reduce neuroinflammation, potentially giving it a role in combatting neurodegenerative diseases. Inflammation is now considered one of the major components in cancer development and progression, including in prostate cancer (28), and various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines seem to be involved in this process (29). Recently, we developed a prostate tumor cell line from the ventral prostate of one-year-old HiMyc transgenic mice. Mukaiyama, T.; Banno, K. A new synthesis of the pungent principles of ginger-zingerone, gingerol and shogaol. 2A). permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. Found insideNutritional supplement research concerning brain health and neurological disease is becoming an important focus. ; Nadarajah, V.D. Official Support Website: www.spooky2.com Official Purchasing Website: www.spooky2-mall.com Email:echolee@cleanenergy-npt.com or service@spooky2.com Here are the frequencies for Gingerol & Shogaol compounds which are derived from ginger root that is 10,000x Stronger Than Chemo (Taxol) In Cancer . It is estimated that approximately 238,590 new cases of prostate cancer will be diagnosed and 29,720 prostate cancer-related deaths will occur in the United States in 2013 (1, 3). 5C. On the basis of our findings, we suggest that 6-SHO has a combination of activity, low toxicity, and biochemical properties that makes it of potential utility as a naturally occurring chemopreventive and/or therapeutic agent in prostate cancer. The compounds gingerol and shogaol are what particularly help in soothing cold symptoms. ; Wu, H.; Sang, S.; Ho, C.T. The results are significant (P < 0.05) where a decrease in phosphorylation or protein level is ≥40%. Several in vitro and in vivo studies also showed that 6-Shogaol (6-SHO) has more potent anti-inflammatory activity than 6-GIN and another widely studied phytochemical, curcumin (15, 16). Help us to further improve by taking part in this short 5 minute survey, Antimicrobial Activity of a Library of Thioxanthones and Their Potential as Efflux Pump Inhibitors, Analysis of Boswellic Acid Contents and Related Pharmacological Activities of Frankincense-Based Remedies That Modulate Inflammation, Efficient Matrix Cleanup of Soft-Gel-Type Dietary Supplements for Rapid Screening of 92 Illegal Adulterants Using EMR-Lipid dSPE and UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS, Considerations to Be Taken When Carrying Out Medicinal Plant Research—What We Learn from an Insight into the IC, Promising Anti-inflammatory Medicinal Plants—An Assessment of Bioavailability, Pharmacokinetics, Clinical Efficacy and Overview of New Methodological Approaches, https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/draft-assessment-report-zingiberis-rhizoma_en.pdf, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Reduction of carrageenan-induced paw edema formation by 22 or 38%, Mouse/Th2-mediated airway inflammation in OVA-sensitized animals, Reduced amount of eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes in BALF and lung tissue, Reduced carrageenan-induced paw volume, levels of PGE, Block of aspirin-induced gastric mucosal lesion formation, abrogation of ulcer with distorted gastric glands, damaged mucosal epithelium, and the formation of cell debris, Reduction of collagen II-induced IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-17 protein and MMP1, 3 and 13 mRNA, Reduction of collagen II-induced joint temperature and paw thickness, serum levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF, and anti-type II collagen antibodies, increased paw removal latency, UVB-induced reduction of leukocyte infiltration, levels of IL-1β and IL-6, Reduction of edema swelling volume, lymphocyte and monocyte infiltration, Reduction of DNP-HAS-induced PCA by 72% and 45%, Involvement of NFκB and HO-1reduction of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and mRNA of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, neutrophil infiltration, andIL-6, MCP-1, MIP-2, and KC mRNA, Hamster, buccal pouch carcinogenesis model, Reduction of DMBA-induced IKK, p65, COX, and iNOS levelsBlock of IκBα degradation and IL-6,IL-1 and TNFReduction of NFκB and AP-1 mRNA expression and c-jun, c-fos protein levels, Mouse, middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced brain damage model, Reduction of brain infarct volume, MDA and ROS production, IL-1β, TNF, COX-2 and iNOS, ERK, JNK, and p38 activation, Reduced release of IL-1β, TNF, IL-6, IL-8, Reduction of fMLP-induced oxidative burst, Reduction of LPS-triggered exposition of arachidonic acid and of LPS/IFN-γ-induced NO synthesis, Reduction of LPS-induced TNF, IL-1β, and NO, Reduction of LPS-triggered mRNA, protein and activation of iNOS and COX-2; reduction of nitrite and PGE. This book is designed to provide pharmacologists and researchers of natural products a comprehensive review of 200 medicinal plants, their vernacular names in various languages and their medicinal uses around the world, and in some cases, a ... ; Liu-Brennan, D.; Roufogalis, B.D. 2G, Src activation was inhibited following treatment with 6-SHO. Pharmacokinetics of 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, and 6-shogaol and conjugate metabolites in healthy human subjects. The health benefits of ginger are part of what makes it an OG cooking ingredient. ; Ezzat, M.I. Gingerol and shogaol are well known components of ginger and many homologues of these components exist; 6-gingerol is the most abundant component in ginger. Shogaols are believed to have many health benefits and properties that root ginger does exhibit, especially those of memory and cognitive enhancing properties. ; Pan, M.H. This study provides interesting novel data of actions of 6-shogaol on the inflammasome of the innate immune system. Spheroids from HMVP2 cells were injected subcutaneously into the flank of male FVB mice. Changes in relative band intensities (normalized to β-actin and total protein) for Western blot data are given at the top of each column. Gingerol analogues are thermally labile and easily undergo dehydration reactions to form the corresponding shogaols, which impart the characteristic pungent taste to dried ginger. Shogaol (6-Shogaol) as it is simply called is a very spicy Gingerol derivative and the spiciest ginger flavor. The pungent compound 6-shogaol was identified and first described by Nomura in 1918. potent in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. every other day) produced statistically significant reductions in the growth of HMVP2 cells at both doses (tumor volume) and at the higher dose (tumor weight) without any apparent toxic effects. In animal models, the treatment with ginger extracts or powder resulted in successful inhibition of inflammation-related symptoms and first insights about the phenomenologically actions were provided. [, In 1982, a cell-free in vitro study by Kiuchi et al. Dr Deepika Rani, a nutritionist at Apollo Telehealth, says, "Ginger, known for its anti-inflammatory properties also contains gingerol, shogaol, zingerone and many other volatile compounds which give ginger a pungent, strong aroma and flavour, which is responsible for providing all the benefits." Combined extracts of echinacea angustifolia dc. The shogaols are the predominant pungent constituents in dried ginger (11). 6-GIN was also found to inhibit COX-2 expression by blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse skin (45). The human prostate cancer cells LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3 were purchased from American Type Culture Collection. An electrophilicity-based strategy led to the synthesis of (1, Since its discovery in the beginning of the last century, the actions of 6-shogaol, the major bioactive constituent in dried rhizomes of. The Best Ginger Root Extract Gingerol and Shogaol Supplier TIZAN. G, LNCaP and DU145 cells were treated with vehicle or 40 μmol/L 6-SHO for 2 hours followed by IL-6 for 30 minutes. The inhibition of IL-6–induced levels of pSTAT3Ser727 and pSTAT3Tyr705 by 6-SHO in both cells was further confirmed by immunocytochemical staining (see Supplementary Fig. Analysis of protein lysates from tumor tissue confirmed a reduction in STAT3 activation and altered expression of several target proteins in the 6-SHO–treated groups. Reduction of LPS/ATP-triggered IL-1β and secretion and mRNA; Reduction of TNF-induced Akt, IκBα and NFκB phosphorylation; Increase of TER and prevention of fluorescein permeability and claudin 1, down-regulation of claudin 2, Reduction of LPS/IL-1β-induced NO, LPS-induced MCP-1, IL-6, MyD88, ERK phosphorylation and iNOS. Ahui, M.L. D, average feed consumption/mouse/day. 6-SHO inhibits cell survival and induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Prostate cancer is the most common nonskin neoplasm and second leading cause of death in men. Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany, LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), 60325 Frankfurt, Germany. Gingerols display various nutraceutical benefits including counteracting obesity and diabetes. Isolation and effects of some ginger components of platelet aggregation and eicosanoid biosynthesis. As shown in Fig. Praise for The One One One Diet “A customized approach for individuals who want to start up or maintain healthy eating habits and achieve weight loss without deprivation.” —Kristin Kirkpatrick, MS, RD, LD “A simple, straightforward, ... Mechanistic studies revealed that 6-SHO reduced constitutive and interleukin (IL)-6–induced STAT3 activation and inhibited both constitutive and TNF-α–induced NF-κB activity in these cells. ; Duke, C.C. Fresh ginger primarily contains gingerol, but it changes when exposed to heat/dried to produce ground ginger. When heated, gingerols undergo a dehydration reaction to form shogaols. Responding to the increased popularity of herbal medicines and other forms of complementary or alternative medicine in countries around the world, this reference reviews and evaluates various safety, toxicity, and quality-control issues ... ; Kang, J.S. The gingerol converts into shogaol. [, The lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin K is known to be involved in bone resorption and cartilage breakdown by degradation of elastin, collagen, and gelatin. Found insideThis book offers a unique clinical approach by covering compounds that target TRP channels in pre-clinical and clinical phases, also offering a discussion of TRP channels as biomarkers. Effects of zingiber officinale extract.on collagen-induced arthritis in mice and il-1β-induced inflammation in human synovial fibroblasts. For example, an ethanol extract of ginger was shown to decrease the incidence, size, number, and multiplicity of skin papillomas in SENCAR mice (13). These findings shed light into the actions of 6-shogaol as anti-inflammatory compound by means of activating cell protective pathways via Nrf2/HO-1-JNK signaling. 6-Gingerol has demonstrated an ability to inhibit the action of enzymes MMP-9 and MMP-2 (H S Lee et al, 2008), both in animal trials and in in laboratory studies with human cells. ; Liao, Y.R. Shogaol; Heat: Very hot: Scoville scale: 160,000 SHU: Shogaols are pungent constituents of ginger similar in chemical structure to gingerol.The most common of the group is [6]-shogaol.Like zingerone, it is produced when ginger is dried or cooked. Feature Papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. 2G, 6-SHO inhibited activation of both JAK2 and Src, suggesting that inhibition of both JAK2 and Src kinases likely plays a role in mediating the effects of 6-SHO on downstream signaling, including STAT3 activation. Effects of aqueous extracts of onion, garlic and ginger on platelet aggregation and metabolism of arachidonic acid in the blood vascular system: In vitro study. However, higher concentrations (∼2–3 times) were required to achieve effects comparable to 6-SHO. Detection of new trace components in oil of ginger. This is the first nutrition book for the general public that delves into inflammation in great detail, yet in a fashion that is understandable. Readers will never be confused again about what foods we should and should not be eating. ; Kaminska, K.K. Research into the benefits of ginger oil indicates that it has anti-inflammatory properties and that it could be . Both 6-GIN and 6-PAR decreased the level of survivin and increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 in all three human prostate cancer cells, at the 100 μmol/L concentration (Supplementary Fig. Ginger acts as an antioxidant. There were neither appreciable changes in body weight or the daily food consumption among the 6-SHO-treated and control mice (Fig. Levy, A.S.; Simon, O.; Shelly, J.; Gardener, M. 6-shogaol reduced chronic inflammatory response in the knees of rats treated with complete freund’s adjuvant. 6-Shogaol (6-SHO), a potent bioactive compound in ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe), has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity. Previous studies have shown in both LNCaP and DU145 cells that STAT3 is constitutively phosphorylated on Ser727, whereas constitutive phosphorylation on Tyr705 is observed only in DU145 cells (refs. 2003). Moreover, shogaol (and gingerol) are converted to other constituents when heat is applied over time, which is why ginger loses its spiciness as it is . Practical Applications Ginger is widely consumed all over the world, and has been associated with various health benefits. 10 Effective Health Benefits of Ginger: 1. 5A). ; Ji, Y.; Dai, F.; Hu, Y.J. ; Sang, S.; Ho, C.T. [, In a rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) model, induced by the application of 2,4-dinitrophenyl hapten conjugated to human serum albumin (DNP-HAS), the oral application of 6-shogaol (1 and 5 mg/kg) resulted in a strong inhibition of PCA by 45 and 72%, respectively [, In a recently published study by Annamalai et al. Spooky2 Gingerol and Shogaol Frequencies Our Users & Team 2. 6B). Applying an electrophilicity-based strategy to develop a novel nrf2 activator inspired from dietary [6]-shogaol. In fact, more than approximately 100 compounds have reportedly been isolated from ginger. Inclusion of ginger or ginger extracts in nutraceutical formulations could provide valuable protection against diabetes, cardiac and hepatic disorders. 5E and F). Results in Table 6 showed that values of TSSY, AA, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol in fresh ginger were 32.96%, 99.73%, 2.76 mg/g and 1.42 mg/g respectively and in steamed ginger, the values were 22.83%, 99.69%, 1.51 mg/g and 2.02 mg/g respectively. These effects of 6-SHO were associated with inhibition of both STAT3 and NF-κB signaling and possibly other signaling pathways (e.g., Src). Srivastava, K.C. In addition, as shown in Fig. C, LNCaP and DU145 cells were treated with vehicle or 40 μmol/L 6-SHO for 2 hours followed by IL-6 and the level of cyclin D1, survivin, and cMyc was measured by Western blot analysis. The compounds have a favourable toxicity profile, but are cytotoxic towards a range of cancer cell lines. ; Kuo, P.C. ; Das, S.; Ngah, W.Z. Two weeks after injection, mice were treated intraperitoneally with 6-SHO (50 or 100 mg/kg body weight, BW) every other day for the duration of the experiment. Gingerol and shogaol are well known components of ginger and many homologues of these components exist; 6-gingerol is the most abundant component in ginger. Research into the benefits of ginger oil indicates that it has anti-inflammatory properties and that it could be . Ginger root nutrition facts. Protein lysates were prepared from cultured cells following treatment as indicated. Antibodies were purchased as follows: STAT3, pSTAT3Y705, pSTAT3S727, cyclin D1, survivin, cMyc, pNF-κBp65S536, NF-κBp65, pJAK2Y1007/08, JAK2, pSrcY416, PARP, and caspase-7, Cell Signaling Technology; p21, p27, and pIκBαS32/36, Santa Cruz Biotechnology; and β-actin, Sigma-Aldrich.

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